In isolated Egypt, surrounded by deserts to the east and west and the sea to its north, there developed a magnificent, well-developed culture. The richness of the Nile and the bountiful harvests likely brought about the cultural prosperity of this country for more than three thousand years.
The archaeological study of Egypt began two hundred years ago, and its results illuminate a glorious past.  Egypt's history is linked to several important chapters in the history of the Land of Israel and the People of Israel. For this reason, finds from the Nile Valley are an important means for understanding the archaeology of the Biblical period.